---
title: "S4E2: Earth, Moon, and Sun Motion (Georgia Science standard)"
code: S4E2
cite_as: Georgia Standards of Excellence, Science, S4E2
subject: science
grades:
  - grade-4
language: en
canonical_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/S4E2
md_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/S4E2.md
alternate_language_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/es/standards/code/S4E2.md
source_url: https://case.georgiastandards.org/ims/case/v1p1/CFDocuments/27a08dc6-416e-11e7-ba71-02bd89fdd987
source_last_changed: 2025-05-29
data_built: 2026-09-18
publisher: Georgia Homeroom, a free public-interest project of Georgia Civic Data. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the Georgia Department of Education or any school district.
up: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/grade-4.md
index: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/index.md
---

# S4E2: Earth, Moon, and Sun Motion

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to model the effects of the position and motion of the Earth and the moon in relation to the sun as observed from the Earth.

- Subject: Science
- Appears in: Grade 4, https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/grade-4.md

## Expectations

- **S4E2.a**: Develop a model to support an explanation of why the length of day and night change throughout the year.
- **S4E2.b**: Develop a model based on observations to describe the repeating pattern of the phases of the moon (new, crescent, quarter, gibbous, and full).
- **S4E2.c**: Construct an explanation of how the Earth's orbit, with its consistent tilt, affects seasonal changes.

## Georgia Milestones coverage

No Georgia Milestones blueprint cites this standard.

Source: Georgia Standards of Excellence, published by the Georgia Department of Education at case.georgiastandards.org.