---
title: "SB1: Cell Structures and Functions (Georgia Science standard)"
code: SB1
cite_as: Georgia Standards of Excellence, Science, SB1
subject: science
grades:
  - high-school
language: en
canonical_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/SB1
md_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/SB1.md
alternate_language_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/es/standards/code/SB1.md
source_url: https://case.georgiastandards.org/ims/case/v1p1/CFDocuments/27a08dc6-416e-11e7-ba71-02bd89fdd987
source_last_changed: 2025-05-29
data_built: 2026-09-18
publisher: Georgia Homeroom, a free public-interest project of Georgia Civic Data. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the Georgia Department of Education or any school district.
up: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/high-school.md
index: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/index.md
---

# SB1: Cell Structures and Functions

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to analyze the nature of the relationships between structures and functions in living cells.

- Subject: Science
- Appears in: High School, https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/high-school.md

## Expectations

- **SB1.a**: Construct an explanation of how cell structures and organelles (including nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts, lysosome, Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, ribosomes, and mitochondria) interact as a system to maintain homeostasis.
- **SB1.b**: Develop and use models to explain the role of cellular reproduction (including binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis) in maintaining genetic continuity.
- **SB1.c**: Construct arguments supported by evidence to relate the structure of macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) to their interactions in carrying out cellular processes.
- **SB1.d**: Plan and carry out investigations to determine the role of cellular transport (e.g., active, passive, and osmosis) in maintaining homeostasis.
- **SB1.e**: Ask questions to investigate and provide explanations about the roles of photosynthesis and respiration in the cycling of matter and flow of energy within the cell (e.g., single-celled alga).

## Georgia Milestones coverage

- Biology (EOC). Cells. Cells (about 20% of the test; 9 points)

Source: Georgia Standards of Excellence, published by the Georgia Department of Education at case.georgiastandards.org.