---
title: "SG1: Earth Formation and Systems (Georgia Science standard)"
code: SG1
cite_as: Georgia Standards of Excellence, Science, SG1
subject: science
grades:
  - high-school
language: en
canonical_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/SG1
md_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/code/SG1.md
alternate_language_url: https://georgiahomeroom.org/es/standards/code/SG1.md
source_url: https://case.georgiastandards.org/ims/case/v1p1/CFDocuments/27a08dc6-416e-11e7-ba71-02bd89fdd987
source_last_changed: 2025-05-29
data_built: 2026-09-18
publisher: Georgia Homeroom, a free public-interest project of Georgia Civic Data. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the Georgia Department of Education or any school district.
up: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/high-school.md
index: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/index.md
---

# SG1: Earth Formation and Systems

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to understand the formation of Earth and the evolution of its component systems.

- Subject: Science
- Appears in: High School, https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/science/high-school.md

## Expectations

- **SG1.a**: Construct an explanation based on evidence for the formation of the Earth. (Clarification statement: The mechanisms of accretion and differentiation should be addressed here. Include an understanding of Earth’s elemental composition, the Nebular Theory and the Iron Catastrophe Theory.)
- **SG1.b**: Develop a model of the Earth’s internal structures including both physical (i.e., lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core and inner core) and chemical (crust, mantle, core) layers. (Clarification statement: Include how data, computer technology, and computational thinking are used to determine thicknesses and chemical composition of the layers.)
- **SG1.c**: Construct an explanation based on evidence for the origin and evolution of Earth’s hydrosphere and atmosphere. (Clarification statement: Include the ideas of outgassing, photochemical dissociation, photosynthesis and comet delivery.)

## Georgia Milestones coverage

No Georgia Milestones blueprint cites this standard.

Source: Georgia Standards of Excellence, published by the Georgia Department of Education at case.georgiastandards.org.