# Grade 2 Mathematics Standards (Georgia) > Georgia Standards of Excellence: Mathematics, Grade 2. 8 standards. > Source: https://georgiahomeroom.org/standards/math/grade-2 > Interactive explorer: https://georgiahomeroom.org/explorer?subject=math&grade=02 ## Numerical Reasoning (NR) Numerical Reasoning. Place value, fractions, decimals, integers — the spine of K-8 number sense. ### 2.NR.1: Place Value to 1000 Using the place value structure, explore the count sequences to represent, read, write, and compare numerical values to 1000 and describe basic place-value relationships and structures. - **2.NR.1.1**: Explain the value of a three-digit number using hundreds, tens, and ones in a variety of ways. - **2.NR.1.2**: Count forward and backward by ones from any number within 1000. Count forward by fives from multiples of 5 within 1000. Count forward and backward by 10s and 100s from any number within 1000. Count forward by 25s from 0. - **2.NR.1.3**: Represent, compare, and order whole numbers to 1000 with an emphasis on place value and equality. Use >, =, and < symbols to record the results of comparisons. ### 2.NR.2: Addition & Subtraction within 1,000 Apply multiple part-whole strategies, properties of operations and place value understanding to solve real-life, mathematical problems involving addition and subtraction within 1,000. - **2.NR.2.1**: Fluently add and subtract within 20 using a variety of mental, part-whole strategies. - **2.NR.2.2**: Find 10 more or 10 less than a given three-digit number and find 100 more or 100 less than a given three-digit number. - **2.NR.2.3**: Solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers using part-whole strategies. - **2.NR.2.4**: Fluently add and subtract within 100 using strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. ### 2.NR.3: Equal Groups Foundation Work with equal groups to gain foundations for multiplication through real-life, mathematical problems. - **2.NR.3.1**: Determine whether a group (up to 20) has an odd or even number of objects. Write an equation to express an even number as a sum of two equal addends. - **2.NR.3.2**: Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and up to 5 columns; write an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends. ## Patterning & Algebraic Reasoning (PAR) Patterning & Algebraic Reasoning. Patterns build into expressions and equations across K-8. ### 2.PAR.4: Repeating & Growing Patterns Identify, describe, extend, and create repeating patterns, growing patterns, and shrinking patterns. - **2.PAR.4.1**: Identify, describe, and create a numerical pattern resulting from repeating an operation such as addition and subtraction. - **2.PAR.4.2**: Identify, describe, and create growing patterns and shrinking patterns involving addition and subtraction up to 20. ## Measurement & Data Reasoning (MDR) Measurement & Data Reasoning. Length, time, money, and graphical data displays in K-5. ### 2.MDR.5: Length Measurement and Data Estimate and measure the lengths of objects and distance to solve problems found in real-life using standard units of measurement, including inches, feet, and yards and analyze graphical displays of data to answer relevant questions. - **2.MDR.5.1**: Construct simple measuring instruments using unit models. Compare unit models to rulers. - **2.MDR.5.2**: Estimate and measure the length of an object or distance to the nearest whole unit using appropriate units and standard measuring tools. - **2.MDR.5.3**: Measure to determine how much longer one object is than another and express the length difference in terms of a standard-length unit. - **2.MDR.5.4**: Ask questions and answer them based on gathered information, observations, and appropriate graphical displays to solve problems relevant to everyday life. - **2.MDR.5.5**: Represent whole-number sums and differences within a standard unit of measurement on a number line diagram. ### 2.MDR.6: Time and Money Problems Solve real-life problems involving time and money. - **2.MDR.6.1**: Tell and write time from analog and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, and estimate and measure elapsed time using a timeline, to the hour or half hour on the hour or half hour. - **2.MDR.6.2**: Find the value of a group of coins and determine combinations of coins that equal a given amount that is less than one hundred cents, and solve problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and ¢ symbols appropriately. ## Geometric & Spatial Reasoning (GSR) Geometric & Spatial Reasoning. Shapes, area, volume, and transformations from K through high school. ### 2.GSR.7: Shapes and Partitioning Draw and partition shapes and other objects with specific attributes, and conduct observations of everyday items and structures to identify how shapes exist in the world. - **2.GSR.7.1**: Describe, compare and sort 2-D shapes including polygons, triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, and 3-D shapes including rectangular prisms and cones, given a set of attributes. - **2.GSR.7.2**: Identify at least one line of symmetry in everyday objects to describe each object as a whole. - **2.GSR.7.3**: Partition circles and rectangles into two, three, or four equal shares. Identify and describe equal-sized parts of the whole using fractional names (“halves,” “thirds,” “fourths”, “half of,” “third of,” “quarter of,” etc.). - **2.GSR.7.4**: Recognize that equal shares of identical wholes may be different shapes within the same whole. ## Mathematical Practices (MP) Mathematical Practices. Cross-grade habits of mind: perseverance, precision, argument. ### 2.MP: Mathematical Practices Overview Display perseverance and patience in problem-solving. Demonstrate skills and strategies needed to succeed in mathematics, including critical thinking, reasoning, and effective collaboration and expression. Seek help and apply feedback. Set and monitor goals. - **2.MP.1**: Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. - **2.MP.2**: Reason abstractly and quantitatively. - **2.MP.3**: Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. - **2.MP.4**: Model with mathematics. - **2.MP.5**: Use appropriate tools strategically. - **2.MP.6**: Attend to precision. - **2.MP.7**: Look for and make use of structure. - **2.MP.8**: Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.